A 2002 review of medical literature by Franjo Grotenhermen states that medical cannabis has established effects in the treatment of nausea, vomiting, premenstrual syndrome, unintentional weight loss, insomnia, and lack of appetite. Other "relatively well-confirmed" effects were in the treatment of "spasticity, painful conditions, especially neurogenic pain, movement disorders, asthma, [and] glaucoma".[2]
Preliminary findings indicate that cannabis-based drugs could prove useful in treating inflammatory bowel disease, migraines, fibromyalgia, and related conditions.[8]
Medical cannabis has also been found to relieve certain symptoms of multiple sclerosis[10] and spinal cord injuries[11][18][19] by exhibitingantispasmodic and muscle-relaxant properties as well as stimulating appetite.
Other studies state that cannabis or cannabinoids may be useful in treating alcohol abuse,[3] amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,[20][21] collagen-induced arthritis,[9] asthma,[22] atherosclerosis,[23] bipolar disorder,[4][24] colorectal cancer,[25] HIV-Associated Sensory Neuropathy[26]depression,[5][27][28][29] dystonia,[30] epilepsy,[6][31][32] digestive diseases,[33] gliomas,[34][35] hepatitis C,[36] Huntington's disease,[37]leukemia,[38] skin tumors,[39] methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),[40] Parkinson's disease,[41] pruritus,[42][43] posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),[44] psoriasis,[45] sickle-cell disease,[46] sleep apnea,[47] and anorexia nervosa.[48] Controlled research on treatingTourette syndrome with a synthetic version of tetrahydrocannabinol (brand name Marinol), the main psychoactive chemical found in cannabis, showed the patients taking Marinol had a beneficial response without serious adverse effects;[49][50] other studies have shown that cannabis "has no effects on tics and increases the individuals inner tension".[51] Case reports found that marijuana helped reduce tics, but validation of these results requires longer, controlled studies on larger samples.[52][53]
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